Falmouth was incorporated in 1686. It is located in southeastern Massachusetts at the southwest end of Cape Cod, bordered by Bourne and Sandwich on the north; Mashpee on the east; Buzzards Bay on the west; and Gosnold, Vineyard Sound, and Nantucket Sound on the south. Its total area is 54.44 square miles, with a land area of 44.26 square miles.