Security consultants generally give advise to business entities and sometimes individuals regarding security, crime prevention, and loss prevention. True security consultants are independent and non-product affiliated. Security consultants provide expertise in environmental design, security system design and specification, access control, physical security, protection of assets, theft prevention, crime prevention, loss prevention, executive protection, information security, special event security, emergency and disaster planning, and security training. Some consultants in this field perform security surveys and risk analysis and make recommendations on how to reduce the threat. Some consultants make crime foreseeability assessments and adequacy of security evaluations. Some security consultants testify as an expert witness in litigation.