The ex-gay movement is a network of religious, scientific, and political organizations that advocate "change" (through religious and/or therapeutic interventions) for people who are attracted to members of the same sex or exhibit a non-normative gender identity or expression. The movement promotes religious and societal condemnation of homosexuality and transgenderism and advocates anti-LGBT public policy. Robinson, Christine M. and Sue E. Spivey. 2007. “The Politics of Masculinity and the Ex-Gay Movement.” Gender & Society 21(5): 650-675.